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| Constructed-from 1988 |
See: Table |
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 The
national economy of Myanmar is highly dependent on agriculture.
The urban areas remain reliant on the products and services of
the rural hinterland. Rural progress is pivotal to urban development
and in turn, overall national prosperity is interdependent on urban
advancement. The Chairman of the State
Law and Order Restoration Council Senior General Than Shwe, accordingly
directed that measures be instituted for raising the income of
rural peasant communities, under comprehensive national guidelines.
The implementation of irrigation works have been accorded special emphasis,
since the State Law and Order Restoration Council assumed responsibilities
of the country. Perforce, the greening of (9) districts in the central
arid zones of Myanmar-Monywa and Sagaing District, Sagaing Division;
Yamethin, Meiktla and Myingyan District, Mandalay Division and Pakkoku,
Minbu, Magway and Thayet District, Magway Division is in progress, under
special projects, in comformity to guidelines given by Senior General
Than Shwe, Chairman of the State Law and Order Restoration Council. In
addition the construction of dams and reservoirs for the development
of border areas and national races has also been highly complementary
and supportive.
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Irrigation water
remains indispensable for the cultivation o paddy and other
crops. And the following five strategies are being adopted
for the assurance of adequate irrigation water for paddy
and other crops:-
building new dams and reservoirs
renovating the existing dams and reservoir for maximization of
storage capacity.
Building embankment and sluice gates along the rivers to store
water in creeks and streams in low lying areas.
Irrigating the land by pumping water from rivers and creeks.
Tapping underground water resources by sinking tube wells.
The tasks pertaining to item (iv) and (v), covering pump-lift irrigation
and ground water utility is to be undertaken by the Water Resources
Utilization Department from 1995-96 and onwards. |
A target calling for and
annual growth rate of (5.6) percent for the agriculture sector,
in respect to the 1992-93 to 1995-96 four-year plan was envisaged
by the State Law and Order Restoration Council, sub-sequent
to the assumption of the responsibilities of the State. It
is in the stages of implementation, and with a view to attain
the goals, the Ministry of Agriculture with (3) objectives
a, achievement of surpluses in paddy, achievement of self-sufficiency
in edible oil and achievement of increased production of exportable
pulses and beans and industrial crops, has instituted the following
measures:-
• the development of new land and extension
of agriculture,
• the provision of adequate irrigation water,
• the mechanization of farming activities,
• the modification and change in technology and
• the use of high yielding an quality seeds. |
As result of such measures,
the production of paddy came to (711) million baskets n 199293,
the first year of the four-year plan; further rose to (803)
million baskets n the second year of 1993-94, and attained
(871) million baskets in 1994-95, the year assigned as the
overall development year. And further efforts are in force,
so as to achieve a target of (1,000) million baskets in the
year 1996-97 after having attained (951) million baskets in
the year 1995-96.
After the assumption f State
responsibility, the Chairman of the State Law and Order Restoration
Council Senior General Than Shwe gave instruction that measures,
on a national scale, be undertaken to provide Myanmar’s
major rural community, with increased levels of income, regional
self-sufficiency in rice and adequate supplies of water for
domestic use as protection and greening of the environment.
The Irrigation Department
has continued to carry out its irrigation works in the various
States and Divisions uninterrupted. It has been in comformity
to the guidelines of Senior General Than Shwe, Chairman of
the State Law and Order Restoration Council. And with the
support and superintendence of the Ministry of Agriculture,
the Irrigation Department accomplished irrigation works numbering
nine ( benefiting – 419, 421 acres ) in 1990-91; eight
( benefiting – 29, 182 acres ) in 1991-92; seven (
benefiting – 5,187 acres ) in 1992-93; nine ( benefiting – 145,900
acres ) in 1993-94; and sixteen ( benefiting – 95,620
acres ) in 1994-95. And taken together with the seventeen
( benefiting – 270,500 acres ) at the end of 1995-96,
and up to May 1996, total (66) contributory works benefiting
(965,810) acres. The irrigation works completed State and
Division – wise is furnished below:-
|
Sr. |
State/Division |
Number |
Beneficial Area(Acres) |
| 1. |
Chin State |
1 |
500 |
| 2. |
Sagaing Division |
9 |
159,344 |
| 3. |
Taninthayi Division |
1 |
Water Supply |
| 4. |
Bago Division |
13 |
146,720 |
| 5. |
Magway Division |
12 |
67,225 |
| 6. |
Mandalay Division |
16 |
256,000 |
| 7. |
Mon State |
4 |
8,800 |
| 8. |
Rakhine State |
1 |
200 |
| 9. |
Yangon Division |
7 |
123,600 |
| 10. |
Ayeyarwady Division |
2 |
203,421 |
|
Total |
66 |
965,810 |
|
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The State Law and Order
Restoration Council Government is engaged in developing major
irrigation projects at an accelerated pace, and the irrigation
works in process in the various States and Divisions are:- |
Sr. |
State/Division |
Number |
Beneficial Area(Acres) |
| 1. |
Sagaing Division |
4 |
164,000 |
| 2. |
Bago Division |
6 |
171,950 |
| 3. |
Magway Division |
7 |
51,600 |
| 4. |
Mandalay Division |
10 |
64,500 |
| 5. |
Mon State |
1 |
12,800 |
| 6. |
Rakhine State |
1 |
150 |
| 7. |
Shan State |
2 |
20,800 |
| 8. |
Ayeyarwady Division |
3 |
194,800 |
| 9. |
Yangon |
1 |
800 |
|
Total |
35 |
681,400 |
|
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The addition to the greening of (9) districts
under special plans, the Lower Myanmar Land Development Project
(1) is also under implementation. The former comprises (110,770)
acres in Mandalay Division; (113,951) acres in Magway Division
and (91,620) acres in Sagaing Division – totaling (316,341)
acres. The latter encompasses (62,000) acres in Yangon Division;
(10,000) acres in Bago Division and (325,000) acres in Ayeyarwady
Division – totaling (397,000) acres. As such, the beneficial
area accruing from the (37) projects in process amount (1,394,741)
acres. Similarly works for which hydrological and geological
investigation and topographic survey have been completed will
also continue to be developed.
The irrigation works to be further developed
State and Division-wise are:- |
Sr. |
Types |
Number |
Beneficial Area(Acres) |
| 1. |
Kayah State |
1 |
300 |
| 2. |
Bago Division |
10 |
486,410 |
| 3. |
Magway Division |
6 |
32,200 |
| 4. |
Mandalay Division |
4 |
53,180 |
|
Total |
98 |
572,090 |
|
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Myanmar has been endowed
with an abundance of natural water resources. The scope for
further development of dams, tanks and reservoir is highly
promising; and collection of data in respect to their potential
is continuously being undertaken. And incidentally, many projects
in the pipeline are in readiness for implementation, immediate
upon completion of investigation and conducive conditions.
Currently, there exists about (8) promising irrigation and
flood control works, with an attendant beneficial potemtial
of (2,706,608) acres and their details State and Division-wise
are:- |
Sr. |
State/Division |
Number |
Beneficial Area(Acres) |
| 1. |
Kachin State |
1 |
4,000 |
| 2. |
Kayin State |
1 |
600 |
| 3. |
Chin State |
2 |
2,000 |
| 4. |
Sagaing Division |
12 |
289,300 |
| 5. |
Bago Division |
17 |
857,000 |
| 6. |
Magway Division |
15 |
77,300 |
| 7. |
Mandalay Division |
8 |
811,200 |
| 8. |
Mon State |
4 |
46,400 |
| 9. |
Rakhine State |
9 |
104,180 |
| 10. |
Yangon Division |
4 |
115,359 |
| 11. |
Shan State |
2 |
28,100 |
| 12. |
Ayeyarwady Division |
13 |
371,169 |
|
Total |
88 |
2,706,608 |
|
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Major Irrigation Works established under the State Law and Order Restoration Council
A total number of (66) irrigation undertakings have been accomplished, since the assumption of responsibilities by the State Law and Order Restoration Council in 1988, and up to end of May 1996. Some of the major works are:-
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(a) Kinda Multipurpose Dam
The dam is located in Myittha Township, Mandalay
Division. It is a rock-filled dam, (2,034) feet in length,
(236) feet in height and with a capacity of (873,580) acre-feet
of water. The irrigation potential works out to a command
area of (201,500) acres and a cropping area of (328,390)
acres. It also generates hydro-power from two turbines having
(28) mega-watt output each totaling (165) millions of kilowatt-hour
annually. It is the largest reservoir of Myanmar by its storage
capacity and dam height.
The Irrigation Department renovated the existing (215.7) miles
canal system and constructed new canals, totaling (498) miles.
Construction of the dam works was initiated in 1980-81 and completed
in 1990-91.
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(b) Azin Dam
The Azin Dam is situated in Mudon Township, Mon State. It features
a length of (1,350) feet and has a height of (92) feet. The
dam is an earthen dam, and at a full capacity accommodates
(14,500) acre-feet of water. The irrigation potential is (3,000)
and (4,850) acres for the command and cropping area respectively.
The main canal is (13) miles long, while lateral canals total (9)
miles. Works at the dam began in 1982-83 and was brought to completion
in 1990-91.
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(c) Kyauktalone
Dam
The dam is sited in Taungtha Township, Mandalay Division
and is an earthen dam. The dam has a length of (3180) feet
and a height of (78) feet, while storage potential is (4,500)
acre-feet of water at full capacity. The irrigable feasibilities
are (1,500) acres of command area and (2,000) acres of cropping
area.
The other components are a main canal of (5) miles and (75) miles
of lateral canals. Works commenced in 1992-93 and inaugurated on
(27.3.93).
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(d) Minye Dam
The dam is location is in Oktwin Township, Bago Division.
It is earthen in composition, has a length of (1,775) feet
a height of (48) feet, and holds (2,350) acre-feet of water
at full capacity. The command area is (1,000) acres, and the
cropping area (2,000) acres.
The other elements are (3.4) miles of main canal and (8.2) miles
of lateral canals. The dam was launched with an opening ceremony
on (28.5.94) in 1994-95, subsequent to the initiating of construction
in 1993-94.
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(e) Ngamoeyeik
Dam
The Ngamoeyeik Dam’s placement is in Hlegu Township,
Yangon Division. It has been straddled across the Ngamoeyeik
Chaung, is earthen in formation, has a length of (6,100) feet
of main dam and (9,400) feet of saddle dams, and a height of
(75) feet. It has a storage capacity of (180,000) acre-feet
of water at full capacity, with irrigation potential for (70,000)
acres of command area and (126,000) acres of cropping area.
Additionally, it will be contributing (90) million gallons
of water per day for the city of Yangon and prevent (3,000)
acres from flooding.
The main canal comprises (17) miles, while lateral canals total
(225) miles. Construction started in 1992-93 and came to completion
in 1994-95. The construction period spanned only two years, while
the actual net period of input was only eighteen months. The spectacular
speedy achievement is attributable to the strong support accorded
by high authorities of the Government, the effort of departmental
personnel and the collaboration of the local populace and military
personnel from the Battalions and Commands of the Armed Forces.
The grand inauguration ceremony of Ngamoeyeik Dam took place on
26.3.95.
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(f) South Nawin
Dam
The South Nawin Dam is in Paukkhaung Township, Bago
Division. It is an earthen type, having a length of (16,674)
feet and a height of (141) feet. The storage capacity at the
dam’s full level is (287,000) acre-feet of water. The
potential for irrigations is (62,500) acres of command area
and (98,100) acres of cropping area.
The main canal covers (32) miles and the lateral canals (177) miles.
Consruction commenced in 1985-86 and came to completion in 1994-95.
The opening took place on (28.4.95).
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(g) Tabuhla (Okkan)
Dam.jpg)
The Tabuhla Dam is located in Taikkyi Township, Yangon
Division. It also is of an earthen type dam, spans (1,305)
feet on Okkan Chaung and has a height of (95) feet. The dam’s
holding at full capacity is (194,600) acre-feet of water, with
feasibilities of irrigating a command area of (52,000) acres
and (104,000) acres of cropping area.
Its main canal which is (24) miles long, supports (134) miles of
lateral canals. Construction activities began in 1993-94, and came
to a close in 1995-96. The dam came into operation at an opening
ceremony on (27.5.95).
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(h) Chaunggauk
Dam
The dam, of an earthen type, is located in Pyawbwe
Township, Mandalay Division, featuring a length of (6,800)
feet and a height of (74) feet. The Dam’s capacity is
(12,500) acre-feet of water at full level and has feasibilities
for providing irrigation water to a command area of (11,500)
acres and a cropping area of (13,500) acres.
The dam’s lateral canals span (75) miles. Construction activities
undertaken in 1993-94, were completed in 1995-96. The opening took
place on (9.9.95).
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(i) Thazi Dam
The Thazi Dam was constructed as a component for contributing
to the planned greening of nine district in central Myanmar.
It is an earthen type, fed by the Thazi Chaung, sited in Monywa
Township, Sagaing Division. It is a (3,250) feet long and (73)
feet high structure. Its storage potential is (6,600) acre-feet
of water at full supply level and tends to the irrigation of
a command area of (1,500) acres and a cropping area of (2,250)
acres.
The main canal is (4) miles long and has (3) miles of lateral canals.
The work was initiated in 1994-95, completed in one year and opened
on (22.8.95).
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(j) Natmauk Dam
The Natmauk Dam is situated in Natmauk Township, Magway
Division. It is earthen in structure, commanding a length of
(4,400) feet and a height of (100) feet. The dam at full capacity
accomodates (101,000) acre-feet of water and has irrigation
potential for a command area of (36,000) acres and a cropping
area of (43,200) acres.
The main canal is (31.3) miles long, while its lateral canals total
(45.8) miles. The work come to completion in 1995-96, subsequent
to its initiating in 1994-95. The dam was opened on (29.10.95).
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(k) Laiva Dam
Laiva Dam is an earthen dam and located in Falam Township
of Chin State. Dam is (700) feet in length and its height is
about (85) feet. Full-tank capacity of the reservoir is (1,741)
acre-feet to be able to irrigate (500) acres of agricultural
and (800) acres of cropping area. (3.3) million kilowatt-hours
of hydro-power are being generated annually from this dam.
Left canal of the reservoir is (1) mile in length and its right
canal is (2.5) miles long. Laiva Dam had been constructed during
1990-91 to 1994-95 and it was opened on (6.4.94).
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(l) Sin Chaung
Dam
Sin Chaung Dam is an earthen dam and located in Yezagyo
Township of Magway Division. Dam is (1,551) feet in length
and its height is about (67) feet. Full-tank capacity of the
reservoir is (3,000) acre-feet to be able to irrigate (1,000)
acres of agricultural land and (1,500) acres of cropping area.
Main canal of the reservoir is (4.02) miles in length and its distributary
canals are in total (1.19) miles long. SIn Chaung Dam had been
constructed during 1993-94 and it was opened on (17.2.94).
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(m) Kintha Dam
Kintha Dam is an earthen dam and located in Tatkone
Township of Mandalay Division. Dam is (1,600) feet in length
and its height is about (40) feet. Full-tank capacity of the
reservoir is (1,000) acre-feet to be able to irrigate (2,000)
acres of agricultural land and (3,000) acres of cropping area.
Kintha Dam had been constructed during 1993-94 and it was opened
on (29.1.94).
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(n) Sunlun Dam
Sunlun Dam is an earthen dam and located in Myingyan
Township of Mandalay Division. Dam is (3,100) feet in length
and its about (61) feet. Full-tank capacity of the reservoir
is (4,600) acre-feet to be able to irrigate (2,500) acres of
agricultural land and (3,000) acres of cropping area.
Main canal of reservoir is (2.78) miles in length and its distributary
canals are in total (7.99) miles long. Sunlun Dam had been constructed
during 1992-93 to 1993-94 and it was opened on (4.1.94).
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(o) Taung Pinle
Dam
South Pinle Dam is an earthen dam and located in Myingyan
Township of Mandalay Division. Dam is (3,150) feet in length
and its height is about (70) feet. Full-tank capacity of the
reservoir is (7,400) acre-feet to be able to irrigate (2,500)
acres of agricultural land and (3,000) acres of cropping area.
South Pinle Dam had been constructed during 1993-94 to 1994-95
and it was opened on (6.4.94).
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(p) Thettaw Dam
Thettaw Dam is an earthen dam and located in Thazi
Township of Mandalay Division. Dam (1) is (2,650) feet and
dam (2) is (4,460) feet in length respectively. Their heights
are about (35) feet and (60) feet each. Full-tank capacity
of the reservoir is (10,000) acre-feet to be able to irrigate
(2,500) acres of agricultural land and (3,000) acres of cropping
area.
Thettaw Dam had been consructed during 1993-94 to 1994-95 and it
was opened on (5.1.95).
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(q) Mon Chaung
Retention Dam
Mon Chaung Retention Dam is an earthen dam and located
in Tatkone Township of Mandalay Division. Dam is (1,530) feet
in length and its height is about (40) feet. Full-tank capacity
of the reservoir is (500) acre-feet to be able to irrigate
(4,850) acres of agricultural land and (5,820) acres of cropping
area.
Mon Chaung Retention Dam had been constructed during 1994-95 and
it was opened on (20.7.95).
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(r) Samon Retention
Dam
Samon Retention Dam is an earthen dam and located
in Thazi Township of Mandalay Division. Dam is (14,000) feet
in length and its height is about (38) feet. Full-tank capacity
of the reservoir is (8,000) acre-feet to be able to irrigate
(12,000) acres of agricultural land. Intake structure has two
opening of (8 feet x 6 feet ) and its maximum discharge capacity
is (400) cubic feet per second.
Samon Retention Dam had been constructed during 1990-91 to 1993-94
and it was opened on (20.5.93).
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(s) Duyingabo
Pump Irrigation Project
It is situated in Aunglan Township of Magway Division
on Ayeyarwady River. The project comprises (7.7) miles long
embankment, (31.69) miles long drainage canal, (2) puml-houses,
(45.98) miles long main and secondary canals, (43.5) miles
long tertiary and water courses, (3) power sub-stations, (4.6)
miles long power line and (45.98) miles long village farm connection
roads.
It can irrigate (10,400) acres of agricultural land. Duyingabo
pump irrigation project has been constructed during 1981-82 to
1990-91.
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t) Nathmaw Pump
Irrigation Project
It is situated in Shwetaung Township of Bago Division
on Ayeyarwady River. The project comprises (4.04) miles long
embankment, (14.7) mile long drainage canal, (1) pump-house,
(31.07) miles long main and secondary canals, (43.5) miles
long tertiary and water courses, (2) power sub-station, (3.2)
miles long power line and (38.52) miles long village farm connection
roads.
It can irrigate (8,000) acres of agricultural land. Nathmaw pump
irrigation project has been constructed during 1981-82 to 1990-91. |
(u) Sale (Pakhannge)
Pump Irrigation Project
It is situated in Chauk Township of Magway Division
on Ayeyarwady River. The project comprises of (7.5) miles long
drainage canal, (3) pump-houses, (16.12) miles long main and
secondary canals, (43.5) miles long tertiary and water courses,
(3) power sub-stations, (15.5) miles long power line and (19.84)
miles long village and farm roads.
It can irrigate (5,400) acres of agricultural land. Sale (Pakhannge)
Pump Irrigation Project has been constructed during 1981-82 to
1990-91. |
(v) Groundwater
Irrigation Project (1)
The project is situated in Budalin, Monywa and Chaung
U Township of the Sagaing Division (120) tube-wells had been
dug in this project. The irrigation project consists of (120)
feeder canals, (120) pump-houses and (4) power sub-stations
as the civil works.
The project has the (22,935) acres of command area in three townships.
The project has been accomplished during 1983-84 to 1991-92. |
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